In 2022, despite urban access to high-speed internet connectivity, rural and remote areas lacked the infrastructure for even internet access, let alone high-speed connectivity. Establishing this infrastructure was costly and even impossible in some areas. Technologies were being introduced to solve the global connectivity crisis, and in January 2015, Elon Musk announced a satellite internet conste
This case explores how different players in the biotech-pharmaceutical ecosystem manage uncertainty through distinct approaches determined by their resources, capabilities, and strategic positioning. Through the lens of founder Maya Patel’s strategic decision at the mid-sized biotech start-up BioGenetyks, Inc., students examine how organizations navigate the extreme uncertainty inherent in drug de
In October 2023, Laura Brett, vice president of the Council of Better Business Bureau National Programs’ National Advertising Division (NAD), was considering Case No. 7212—T-Mobile US, Inc. (T-Mobile) vs. Comcast Cable Communications, LLC (Comcast). It was a high-profile advertising contest between the giants: T-Mobile, the country’s second-largest wireless service provider, alleged that Comcast,
Entering 2025, the European Union (EU) finds itself at a pivotal moment, caught between internal demands for social cohesion and external forces of global competition, climate change, and geopolitical realignments. The EU relies on myriad institutions, bodies, and decentralized agencies to function. At the forefront are five key institutions, or “the Big 5”: the European Commission, the Council of
After World War II, Europe was in ruins. From these circumstances a vision of a unified Europe was born, and thus the initial steps of the European Union (EU) took place from 1945 to 1952. This technical note discusses the events of the years leading to the EU’s beginnings, including the reasons for unification and the early economic cooperation. The note also introduces students to the concept of
Claudette Servant, chief information officer (CIO) at the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), has assembled a task force made up of stakeholders from across the agency, including people within the Office of the CIO and those from other departments, to explore ways to accelerate the progress of projects that leveraged AI. Along with Fabian Doubletree, the newly appointed chief AI offi
In December 2023, Geir Atle Bore, the CEO of the Norwegian crowdlending platform FundingPartner, is evaluating the company’s growth strategies. Founded in 2018, FundingPartner provides loans to small to medium enterprises (SMEs), and in 2023, it has over a 60% market share of the SME crowdlending space in Norway. It is in the early stages of three initiatives to further propel its growth: expandin
In the summer of 2023, Google (a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc.) was planning to issue a $50 billion bond to fund R&D. Bruno Santos, a recent MBA graduate and new senior analyst in Google’s treasury division, was tasked with recommending whether Google should use fixed-rate bonds, floating-rate bonds, or a hybrid solution using interest-rate swaps. Despite having substantial cash reserves, Google’s l
Zara, an iconic fast fashion brand owned by Industria de Diseño Textil (Inditex), had experienced strong sales and increased profits during the first half of 2023. But it was facing increasing hostility for the environmental impact of its operations. There had been accusations of greenwashing, which meant a company conveying a false impression about whether its products or operations were environm
This note provides an overview of the regulatory documents the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires of public companies in the United States. Specifically, an S-1 filing is required by any security that meets SEC criteria before shares can be listed on a national exchange, and thereafter, the SEC requires Form 10-Q or 10-K quarterly. The note provides details about these three primary
Richard Palczynski, leader of the Transpennine Route Upgrade (TRU) project, had devoted the better half of the past five years to co-championing this project with senior leadership at Network Rail, the United Kingdom’s national rail operator. The project was now moving full steam ahead, with major vendor contracts worth billions in the process of being vetted and decided on before year’s end. Howe
On March 17, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank Financial Group (SVBFG) declared bankruptcy. It had reported net income in 2022 of $1.6 billion, and KPMG had just signed the audit report for SVBFG on February 24, giving it a “clean bill of health.” Yet, on March 8, the company announced that it would record a $1.8 billion loss in the first quarter of 2023, resulting from the sale of “substantially all of i