The 2023 Academy Award-winning film Oppenheimer captured the story of the race to produce the first atomic weapons and end the Second World War. The “central plot” of the Ambicultural Strategy course at the University of Virginia Darden School of Business parallels the movie’s theme in a contemporary setting: how to confront and manage disruptive change—today driven by information technology and a
This technical note discusses the history, competitors, risks and benefits, and economics of Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL)—a financial product that allows consumers to make purchases and defer payment over a specified period without credit checks, down payments, or interest payments, unlike traditional credit options. The note also explores key characteristics of other consumer credit products, such a
This technical note deconstructs the amazing decisions made by the streaming company Netflix that allowed it to become one of the only profitable streaming services in 2024. It has succeeded by acquiring critical capabilities with very little capital outlay and monetizing these beyond what anyone imagined possible through different forms of what this note terms “arbitrage.” This story has wide rel
This technical note provides an introductory overview of innovation processes in the consumer packaged goods industry. It explores organizational structures for innovation and details key tools and methodologies used across the project scoping, idea generation, selection, and execution phases of innovation. It also explores the role of emerging technologies such as natural language processing, dig
This technical note provides an overview of common digital marketing metrics. It includes formulas for calculating the metrics and an explanation of what each metric represents. It also describes the metrics in the context of owned, paid, shared, and earned media, and differentiates between short-term metrics and long-term metrics. This note would be suitable for discussions of digital marketing s
This technical note showcases some of the unique tips and tricks of the Tableau program that can help users further enhance the quality and impact of their presentations to target stakeholders. It assumes basic knowledge of Tableau and covers topics including pages, color schemes, advanced filtering, bubble charts, dashboards, calculated fields, and other Tableau features.
This technical note provides a comprehensive guide to conducting multivariate linear regressions using Excel. It covers essential concepts such as setting up the regression model, selecting variables, and interpreting the results. Key outputs from Excel’s regression tool, including coefficients, standard errors, t-stats, p-values, and R-squared, are explained in detail. Additionally, the document
Interest rates come in many varieties. The most common interest rates apply from today to some future date and are referred to as spot rates. But what if you agreed to lend money to someone at a 6% rate for six months starting in one year? That rate would be called a forward rate. Forward rates are agreed upon today for transactions that start and end at a future date, with related payments occurr
This technical note provides a compiled 2023 annual report for the United States of America, consolidated for the public and private sectors. It includes financial statements, accompanying notes, discussion and analysis, and a summary of risk factors. An introductory section specifies the report's overarching purpose, as well as describing the role of accounting more generally for any defined enti
A useful method in the marketer’s toolkit for determining the value of a representative customer from a certain segment is customer lifetime value (CLV). A CLV analysis essentially summarizes the profit generated by an average customer in the past and projects this information into the future to guide managerial decisions. This technical note focuses on the more technical aspects of CLV analysis a
Entrustment often puts the trusting party in a position of vulnerability, such as when an individual relies on the advice and counsel of a real estate agent in a property transaction. In the United States, legal rules have developed to mitigate the concern that those on the dominant side of a relationship will exploit the subservient party for personal gain. Broadly, these rules refer to the entit
This technical note introduces students to decentralized finance (DeFi)—blockchain-based protocols that offer financial services without centralized intermediaries. Advocates herald DeFi as the future of finance. Critics counter that it has inherent flaws that will limit its widespread adoption. It explores how blockchains, smart contracts, and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) can be