This technical note is a simple guide for using generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI or AI) to enhance your leadership voice. The note introduces use of AI to improve communication skills, enabling business leaders to reach and inspire people with backgrounds they may have not encountered before. It includes tips for prompt engineering, using AI as a verbal communication coach, and improvin
It’s widely believed that entrepreneurs need formal funding to start a venture, but that’s not always the case. In fact, the majority of companies that go public don’t raise any venture capital at all! This note outlines the wide variety of funding types available to entrepreneurs and explores the importance of relationships in raising money from both informal sources and external investors. It de
Entering 2025, the European Union (EU) finds itself at a pivotal moment, caught between internal demands for social cohesion and external forces of global competition, climate change, and geopolitical realignments. The EU relies on myriad institutions, bodies, and decentralized agencies to function. At the forefront are five key institutions, or “the Big 5”: the European Commission, the Council of
This note focuses on building models that allow for the effective organization and retrieval of data. It discusses the major steps of designing, creating, and maintaining a model that optimizes user experience (UX) and best serves its developers’ end goals. The note is part of a series focused on helping MBAs acquire (1) a foundational understanding of how to go from design to code, and (2) a smoo
Organizations often struggle when faced with disruptions, or unexpected turbulence from external sources. Major disruptive events—from natural disasters to social upheaval—can impede a company’s normal flow of activity, preventing it from conducting “business as usual.” This technical note shows how organizations can take transformative actions that lead to positive outcomes by viewing upheaval th
In January 2024, the Australian retailer Woolworths Group (Woolworths) announced it would no longer stock Australia Day merchandise across its stores for the national summer holiday, following years of declining customer demand. The news unleashed a storm: While some customers and Indigenous activist groups welcomed the move, reflecting the long-running controversy over a holiday they regarded as
This note focuses on creating controllers—algorithms, in coding speak. These essentially are the logic that tells the software what to do and how to respond to inputs from the user. This note assumes some familiarity with the model-view-controller (MVC) pattern, which is the idea that a given application can be usefully decomposed into a data model, a set of user views, and a set of controllers th
In this note, students will learn how to think about the process of going from design to code like both a general manager and an engineer. Designed for use by students of business who are familiar with general accounting, finance, and marketing topics, as well as with the use of spreadsheets for analysis, this note focuses on the business context of coding and the core fundamentals of how it's don
It’s a great time to be a creatively confident general manager, whether you're a product manager, a team lead, or in some similar role. AI has made it easier than ever to bring new ideas to life and readily test them. This note is part of a series focused on helping MBAs acquire (1) a foundational understanding of how to go from design to code, and (2) a smooth transition to hands-on practice to i
After World War II, Europe was in ruins. From these circumstances a vision of a unified Europe was born, and thus the initial steps of the European Union (EU) took place from 1945 to 1952. This technical note discusses the events of the years leading to the EU’s beginnings, including the reasons for unification and the early economic cooperation. The note also introduces students to the concept of
Managers regularly have to contribute to technical decisions where the specific subject matter is substantially beyond their understanding. This applies even to managers who have a technical background. Technology changes over time, and nobody can be familiar with every programming language and tool chain. And that’s okay. A good product manager, like any good manager, has a skillful touch for hel
This note is specifically focused on customer experience (CX) mapping for work in digital product management. In digital, there’s a major focus on the idea of "product-market fit" (p-m fit). The basic idea is that when you have this fit, you’re ready for profitable scaling—and the reverse is also true. That said, even in digital where the fixed-cost economics can make such growth wildly profitable